Castle Drogo: Exploring the Fascinating History and Architecture

Nestled in the heart of Dartmoor National Park in Devon, Castle Drogo stands as a stunning example of early 20th-century architecture. Designed by renowned architect Sir Edwin Lutyens, the castle offers a remarkable blend of modern convenience and medieval design. With a striking granite facade and panoramic views of the Teign Gorge, it’s easy to see why this outstanding building has caught the attention and imagination of countless visitors since its completion in 1930.

Castle Drogo is not only noteworthy for its impressive design but also for its fascinating history. Commissioned by Julius Drewe, a wealthy businessman who made his fortune as the founder of the Home and Colonial Stores, the castle was intended as a grand, yet comfortable family home. Over the years, however, it faced various challenges – including significant damage during World War II – which have deeply impacted its evolution and restoration.

Today, we’re delighted to uncover the hidden secrets and rich heritage of Castle Drogo. Visitors can explore the opulent rooms, stunning gardens, and the castle’s extensive collection of artefacts and furniture, offering a unique insight into the lives of the people who once called it home. As we delve deeper into this incredible structure, we’re sure you’ll be captivated by the beauty, history, and sheer character of Castle Drogo.

The History of Castle Drogo

Castle Drogo, situated in the beautiful village of Drewsteignton in Devon, holds the distinction of being the last castle built in England. Constructed between 1911 and 1930, the castle was the brainchild of renowned architect Sir Edwin Lutyens. Commissioned by Julius Drewe, an entrepreneur and self-made millionaire, Castle Drogo is a stunning example of early 20th century architecture blending with medieval influences.

Notably, Castle Drogo has a unique place in British heritage. It’s recognised as Grade I listed by Historic England, which means the building possesses exceptional architectural and historic interest. Interestingly, the castle’s design departs from the traditional Gothic style, instead opting for a combination of Arts and Crafts sensibilities with a modernist twist.

The castle’s story took a twist when the Drewe family faced difficult times following Julius Drewe’s passing. His descendants eventually decided to donate the castle to the National Trust in 1974. Since then, the organisation has maintained the property and ensured its enchanting features are accessible to the public.

Alongside its historical and architectural significance, Castle Drogo has a fascinating record of flora and fauna within its grounds:

• Over 600 acres of land comprise formal gardens, parkland, and woodland
• The estate is home to a wide variety of species, including some which are rare or protected
• The beautiful garden has been carefully restored and maintained by volunteers, capturing the original vision of its creators

In recent years, Castle Drogo underwent a major conservation project that spanned nearly six years. The work, which was completed in 2019, addressed major structural issues and aimed to make the building weatherproof. Now, the castle has been secured for future generations. Visitors can appreciate the careful restoration efforts put in place to preserve this fundamental part of English history.

Today, Castle Drogo welcomes countless visitors, allowing them to explore its rich architectural aspects, lush gardens, and captivating history. Educational workshops about the site’s heritage are available on request, providing an engaging insight into the castle and its role in British history. With its unique design, stunning location, and intriguing past, Castle Drogo remains an enduring symbol of the vision and ambition of its creators.

Architecture and Design

Castle Drogo, nestled atop the Teign Gorge in Drewsteignton, Devon, is an architectural marvel in its own right. Designed by renowned architect Sir Edwin Lutyens, the castle showcases a unique blend of medieval and modern elements. Constructed between 1911 and 1930, it stands as Britain’s last castle to be built from scratch and is now under the ownership of the National Trust.

The building material predominantly used for Castle Drogo is an indigenous Dartmoor granite. Lutyens cleverly incorporated arts and crafts style, while maintaining the distinct character of a traditional fortress. The castle features a central courtyard, corner towers, and an impressive entrance porch reminiscent of the medieval period. However, its truly innovative aspect is the integration of modern technology; a prime example is the steel reinforcement that provides structural integrity.

Delving into the interiors, we find the castle replete with fine craftsmanship. The main spaces include:

• The Great Hall: Inspired by a medieval banqueting hall, it flaunts an 18-foot high chequered fireplace and a stunning oriel window.
• The Drawing Room: Showcasing intricate plasterwork and wood panelling, the room exudes elegance.
• The Library: Housing an extensive collection of books, it’s enveloped in warm oak and a distinctive barrel-vaulted ceiling.

Throughout its history, Castle Drogo has gone through a considerable number of events and alterations. Facing imminent collapse due to water ingress, an extensive restoration campaign was undertaken by the National Trust between 2013 and 2018, costing a staggering £11 million. This conservation effort not only revived the castle but also restored much of the original fabric, making it weatherproof and secure for generations to come.

Today, Castle Drogo serves as a popular tourist destination and events venue. Its picturesque gardens, designed by George Dillistone, offer visitors respite and tranquillity, with lovely views of Dartmoor and the Teign Valley. As guardians of this historical treasure, the National Trust continually works to ensure Castle Drogo’s legacy endures, preserving its uniquely captivating charm.

Lutyens and the Fortified Home

When it comes to Castle Drogo, it’s impossible to not mention the famed architect, Sir Edwin Lutyens. As one of Britain’s most renowned architects, Lutyens was the mastermind behind this medieval-styled fortress. Constructed between 1911 and 1930, Castle Drogo stands as the last castle to be built in England and shows a unique blend of ancient and modern design principles.

Sir Edwin Lutyens was inspired by the concept of the fortified home, combining modern comfort with the protection of a medieval castle. The result is a structure that includes classic features such as battlements, arrow slits, and even a drawbridge, all of which are set against the backdrop of Dartmoor National Park. As a Grade 1 listed building, Castle Drogo reflects Lutyens’s ingenuity and passion for historic architecture.

Several significant events took place at Castle Drogo throughout its history:

• Its construction, which spanned from 1911 to 1930, was bankrolled by Julius Drewe, the founder of the Home and Colonial Stores empire.
• The National Trust acquired Castle Drogo in 1974, shortly after Julius Drewe’s death.
• A major conservation project commenced in 2013 to prevent water damage and preserve the castle for future generations.

Today, Castle Drogo is a popular tourist attraction managed by the National Trust. Visitors can explore the castle’s impressive interior, which consists of:

• An impressive Great Hall with intricate plasterwork and wood panelling
• A cosy library that boasts a collection of over 4500 books
• A chapel adorned with beautiful stained glass windows and several sculptures

Beyond the castle, the sprawling estate is home to beautiful gardens designed by Lutyens himself. Known as the ‘Drogo Gardens’, these grounds are a testament to Lutyens’s ability to create harmony between architecture and landscapes. Key features of the gardens include:

• The Bund Path, which offers stunning views of Dartmoor and the Teign Gorge
• The Rose Garden, which showcases a variety of roses and seasonal blooms
• The Croquet Lawn, an idyllic spot for relaxation and outdoor games

Castle Drogo is not only an architectural marvel but also a significant piece of British history. As a testament to Sir Edwin Lutyens’s vision, skill, and passion for blending tradition with modernity, this fortified home is undoubtedly worth a visit for anyone with an interest in architecture, history or simply, the beauty of the surrounding Dartmoor landscape.

The Castle’s Remarkable Interior

The moment we step inside Castle Drogo, we’re greeted by stunning architectural features that reflect its rich history. Built between 1911 and 1930, this remarkable castle is often referred to as the last castle to be built in England. Nestled in the heart of Drewsteignton, Devon, Castle Drogo remains a prominent example of early 20th-century architecture, designed by renowned architect Sir Edwin Lutyens.

As we explore its magnificent interior, we notice the unique fusion of traditional and modern styles characteristic of Lutyens’ design approach. One of the most striking aspects of the castle’s interior is the luxurious living room, featuring:

• An impressive 17th-century Flemish tapestry
• An ornate marble fireplace, intricately carved
• Sophisticated oak panelling, adding warmth and elegance
• Plush, comfortable furniture, reflecting the castle’s modern sensibilities

Making our way to the dining room, it’s impossible not to be captivated by the room’s immense grandeur. Here we find:

• A large refectory table, masterfully crafted from oak
• Several antique dining chairs, steeped in history
• A massive stone fireplace, a focal point of the room
• Delicate, hand-painted Chinese wallpaper, adding an exotic touch to the space

We simply cannot overlook the importance of the library, a well-stocked treasure trove of literary gems. Housed within substantial oak bookcases, the collection includes:

• Works dating back to the 16th century
• An array of rare, first-edition books
• A comprehensive set of the Illustrated London News
• A diverse selection of antique maps

Castle Drogo’s interior also witnesses a seamless blend of form and function through its expertly designed kitchens. Celebrating both traditional and modern principles, the kitchens boast:

• A well-preserved coal-powered cooking range
• Specialised storage areas for produce and meat
• A separate pastry room for delicate baking tasks
• A modern dumbwaiter, showcasing innovation

The castle, previously owned by Julius Drewe—the founder of Home and Colonial Stores, and his descendants, is now managed by the National Trust. Open to the public, Castle Drogo functions as a historical attraction, allowing visitors to experience its remarkable interior and learn about the property’s fascinating backstory.

In summary, the interior of Castle Drogo showcases a unique blend of history, tradition, and modernity, rendering it truly remarkable. From luxurious living spaces to practical functional areas, this 20th-century architectural masterpiece has it all, making it well worth a visit.

Castle Drogo’s Unique Gardens

Nestled within the rugged beauty of Dartmoor, Castle Drogo boasts stunning gardens that have attracted visitors for decades. Designed by the renowned Sir Edwin Lutyens, these gardens are a true marvel, seamlessly blending the castle’s architecture with the surrounding nature.

In creating the gardens, Lutyens incorporated the ancient woodlands and the steep valley of the River Teign. This integration of landscape and design allows the gardens to offer a variety of spaces, vistas, and plant life, making each stroll through them a refreshing experience.

A key feature of Castle Drogo’s gardens is the formal terrace, which offers magnificent views of the Teign Gorge. Displaying an impressive arrangement of yew hedges, herbaceous borders, and stone balustrades, the terrace showcases the beauty of the Devon countryside.

The gardens also include a wide range of plant life, consisting of:

• Rhododendrons
• Azaleas
• Magnolias
• Camellias

These species, along with various others, provide a vibrant display of colours throughout the year, adding to the gardens’ charm.

Undoubtedly, the unique gardens of Castle Drogo have an interesting history too. In the early 20th century, Julius Drewe, founder of the Home and Colonial Stores, commissioned Lutyens to design the castle and its gardens. Despite modernisations and restorations over the years, the essence of Lutyens’ original vision remains intact.

Today, Castle Drogo and its enchanting gardens are managed by the National Trust. Visitors can not only enjoy the captivating beauty of the gardens but also delve into the castle’s rich past by exploring its robust granite exterior, intriguing rooms, and vast collection of family artefacts.

In summary, it’s the marriage of stunning natural landscapes, breathtaking architecture, and diverse flora that makes Castle Drogo’s gardens a must-visit attraction for anyone exploring Devon. These gardens not only showcase the talents of Lutyens but also serve as a testament to the rich history and cultural heritage of the region.

Exploring Drogo Estate’s Woodland Walks

Castle Drogo, nestled in Drewsteignton, Devon, offers a variety of woodland walks for visitors to explore, providing a delightful blend of outdoor adventure and historical discovery. With its origins dating back to the early 20th century, Castle Drogo was designed by renowned British architect Edwin Lutyens for Julius Drewe, a successful grocery tycoon. Currently owned by the National Trust, the castle and its grounds are open for everyone to experience.

As you delve into Castle Drogo’s woodland walks, you will find yourself immersed in nature and history. The walks highlight the castle’s impressive gardens and woodlands which were fashioned by Lutyens and landscape architect George Dillistone. They feature a mixture of native and exotic trees, adding to the uniqueness of these trails. Take note of these woodland walk options:

• Teign Gorge Walk: This 2.5-mile route offers magnificent views of the Teign River valley and Fingle Gorge, traversing ancient woodlands such as the Piddledown Common.
• Hunter’s Path: An accessible 3-mile trek, the Hunter’s Path affords spectacular panoramas of Dartmoor National Park and Castle Drogo.
• Fisherman’s Path: A slightly challenging route along the River Teign, this 4.8-mile walk is perfect for hikers seeking a more strenuous experience.

Castle Drogo’s estate offers more than just woodland walks. It has a rich history intertwined with family life, World War I, and even American connections. Julius Drewe originally purchased the estate in 1910, with construction beginning in 1911 and finally completing in 1930. During World War I, Castle Drogo served as a convalescent home for wounded soldiers.

After Julius Drewe’s death in 1931, his eldest son Basil inherited the castle. However, following the events of World War II, Basil and his family decided to sell a portion of the property to an American prep school called Cobham Hall, which occupied the premise between 1949 and 1954. The Drewe family regained full ownership in 1954, and in 1974, Basil’s son Anthony decided to gift Castle Drogo to the National Trust, ensuring its preservation for future generations.

Today, Castle Drogo is open for public enjoyment, offering a charming combination of historical architecture, woodland walks, and engaging family events. With such a diverse past, it’s no wonder that Castle Drogo’s estate should not be missed during a visit to Devon.

Visiting Castle Drogo Today

Castle Drogo sits proudly on a hill overlooking the Teign Gorge in Drewsteignton, Devon. When you plan a visit to this historic treasure, you won’t be disappointed by its unique blend of architecture and history. Thanks to the National Trust’s storey dedication to maintaining the castle, visitors today can experience much of what the original architects and occupants intended.

Designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens, this early 20th-century castle is England’s last great house that was built from scratch. Combining the allure of medieval architecture with modern amenities, Castle Drogo was commissioned by Julius Drewe, the founder of the Home and Colonial Stores. The family’s prominence and substantial resources allowed they to create a truly ambitious and grand abode.

Throughout the years, Castle Drogo has experienced many challenges. During the Second World War, it served as a recuperating centre for soldiers. Later, it faced significant maintenance issues due to the ageing of its flat roof. However, thanks to the tireless efforts of the National Trust, these problems have been carefully resolved. The trust acquired the castle in 1974 after Drewe’s final heir passed away.

Visiting Castle Drogo today offers guests a variety of amenities and experiences, such as:

• Guided and self-guided tours of the castle’s grand rooms and lower service areas, allowing you to appreciate the contrasting worlds of family life and the work of the servants
• Stunning formal gardens designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens himself, featuring geometric terraces and dramatic rhododendron hedges
• Access to the Teign Gorge, renowned for its scenic walking routes and rare wildlife, such as the endangered fritillary butterfly and lesser horseshoe bat

While exploring Castle Drogo, keep in mind it has indoor and outdoor spaces that make it an ideal location for various events and activities throughout the year. From art exhibitions and workshops to seasonal treats like the Christmas Market, there’s always something special happening here.

Whether you’re visiting as a history buff or just looking for a delightful day out, Castle Drogo’s fascinating background and beautiful surroundings will captivate your imagination. So as you plan your next sojourn to Devon, don’t miss the chance to delve into this remarkable piece of history!

Preservation and Restoration Efforts

Castle Drogo, a historic gem in Drewsteignton, Devon, has seen its fair share of preservation and restoration efforts over the years. As the last castle built in England, its construction spanned from 1911 to 1930 under the watchful eye of renowned architect Sir Edwin Lutyens. Commissioned by supermarket magnate Julius Drewe, the castle was passed down through generations of the Drewe family before ultimately being gifted to the National Trust in 1974.

Throughout its history, Castle Drogo has faced significant challenges. By the time it was handed over to the National Trust, the building displayed serious structural issues. In particular, the flat-roofed design was plagued by leaks, threatening the stability of the structure and damaging the interiors.

Consequently, the National Trust launched an ambitious £11 million restoration project in 2012, known as the Saving Castle Drogo Project. Major work undertaken during this project included:

• Replacing the flat roof’s asphalt membrane with a more durable and watertight single-ply membrane system
• Restoring and repointing damaged masonry
• Preserving historic artefacts and interiors
• Upgrading mechanical systems to improve energy efficiency

Additionally, during the course of the project, archaeological investigations uncovered new insights into the castle’s history and construction techniques. This valuable information aided in the restoration process and helped to conserve Castle Drogo’s authenticity.

The Saving Castle Drogo Project was wrapped up in 2019, culminating in an official opening ceremony attended by the Earl and Countess of Devon. Today, Castle Drogo stands as a living testament to the lasting impact of preservation and restoration efforts.

Visitors now have the opportunity to explore not only the magnificent architecture and interiors, but also the various artefacts discovered during restoration. The National Trust ensures access for all to witness the beauty of this historic castle, enabling its legacy to continue for years to come. EDUCATION AND ENGAGEMENT are high on the National Trust’s agenda, with educational programmes and informative displays to guide and encourage public appreciation.

Ultimately, Castle Drogo showcases the power of preservation and restoration efforts in safeguarding our historical treasures. From its fascinating history to the ongoing care provided by the National Trust, the castle remains a shining example of architectural resilience.

The National Trust’s Role

Castle Drogo is a fascinating and impressive structure, standing tall in Drewsteignton, Devon. Throughout its history, it’s undergone significant changes and events, shaping the castle we see today. The National Trust, a vital organisation, has played a crucial role in preserving and maintaining Castle Drogo for future generations.

We know that Castle Drogo was designed by architect Sir Edwin Lutyens and built between 1911 and 1930. It is the last castle built in England, boasting a unique blend of medieval and modern architectural styles. Julius Drewe, the founder of Home and Colonial Stores, commissioned the castle and the Drewe family owned it until 1974.

Under the ownership of the National Trust since 1974, Castle Drogo has undergone extensive restoration and conservation work. The Trust has contributed immensely to this Grade I listed building’s preservation. The involvement of the National Trust has brought numerous benefits:

• Expertise: The National Trust has extensive experience in preserving historical sites and heritage buildings. Castle Drogo has definitely benefited from this expertise.
• Funding: The Trust’s involvement ensures adequate funding for the conservation work and maintenance of Castle Drogo.
• Visitor Experience: The National Trust has made it possible for the public to visit Castle Drogo and learn about its history and architecture.
• Community Engagement: The Trust organises various events and activities throughout the year, attracting visitors and engaging the local community.

One significant conservation project undertaken by the Trust ran from 2013 to 2018. In this project, the Trust addressed the long-standing structural issues caused by persistent water ingress. With a budget of over £11 million, this five-year renovation has safeguarded the castle’s future for years to come.

Today, Castle Drogo serves as a popular tourist destination, attracting thousands of visitors each year. The castle stands as a testament to the dedication and commitment of the National Trust, ensuring that its historical, architectural, and cultural importance endures. From exhibitions and guided tours to workshops and special events, there’s always something happening at Castle Drogo. The Trust continues to engage and inspire both locals and visitors alike, upholding the legacy of Castle Drogo for all to appreciate.

In Conclusion

It’s difficult to overstate the significance of Castle Drogo in Drewsteignton, Devon. The last castle to be built in England, its unique history and role in British architectural heritage can’t be underestimated. As we look back on our exploration of Castle Drogo, there are several key points that should be reiterated.

• Castle Drogo’s Construction: Designed by renowned architect Sir Edwin Lutyens and built from 1911 to 1930, the castle showcases cutting-edge design and innovation for its time. Its granite construction and distinctive silhouette make it a remarkable gem in the heart of Devon.
• Historical Importance: Castle Drogo has borne witness to significant historical events, including the turbulent World War I era. During the war, the castle’s owner, Julius Drewe, generously offered it as a convalescent home for Indian soldiers, making it a notable site in the history of cultural intermingling and empathetic gestures during times of conflict.
• Ownership: Castle Drogo has primarily remained within the Drewe family, before being handed over to the National Trust in 1974. The National Trust has since been responsible for essential conservation work and maintenance, ensuring the castle remains in excellent condition and accessible to the public.
• Current Status: Today, Castle Drogo is open to the public, offering a glimpse into the history, architecture, and the daily lives of its inhabitants. Visitors can wander through its beautifully maintained Gardens and enjoy indoor exhibitions. Moreover, the castle hosts various events throughout the year, allowing people to engage with history in an interactive and hands-on manner.

In summary, Castle Drogo is not only a testament to British architecture but also a historical monument that stands proud and strong amidst the lush green surroundings of Drewsteignton. Whether it’s for a family day out or a deep dive into architectural and cultural history, Castle Drogo is a must-visit location for anyone in Devon.